Motivation theories

Theories: Motivation theories mainly classify into two different perspectives:

Content and ; Process theories. 

Content Theories: This theories deal with “what” motivates people and it is concerned with individual needs and goals. Content theories Says that motivation create for individual needs. At the 1st are physiological needs, which are the need of satisfy biological requirements for food, air, water, and shelter. After that safety needs – the need for a secure and stable environment and the absence of pain, threat, or illness. Belongingness is the need for love, affection, and interaction with other people.

So the content theories are as:

McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y;

ERG Theory;

Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory;

McClelland’s Theory

Herzberg theory: In this section, we discuss at the Herzberg’s theories of motivation that dominate organizational thinking today.

Herzberg was the first times proved that satisfaction and dissatisfaction at work nearly always arose from different factors. In 1959 Herzberg wrote the following useful little Article, which is very helping to explain this theory, i.e., that the factors which motivate people at work are different to and not simply the opposite of the factors which cause dissatisfaction:

"We can expand ... by stating that the job satisfiers deal with the factors involved in doing the job, whereas the job dissatisfies deal with the factors which define the job context."

The main perspectives of Herzberg theory is:

high and low attitude;

short and long term duration of feelings;

first and second level factors;

The interrelationship of factors.

Process Theories: This theory deals with the “process” of motivation and is concerned with “how” motivation occurs. Vroom, Porter & Lawler, Adams and Locke studied motivation from a “process” perspective. Process theories of motivation are about a cognitive rational process and concentrate on the psychological and behavioural processes that motivate an individual.

Process theories of motivation - Adam's Equity Theory

At a primary level, most people generally like to be in relationships where give and takes are about same. So if any person is getting too little from the relationship, then clearly they are going to be unhappy with this but it is also likely that the other person will also be feeling rather guilty about this imbalance. This is reinforced by strong social norms about fairness.

I Scotia Airway they have their goal. But the problem is that the relationship between the members was not good. So they are not getting their result. They should work with a good team work. And distribute their work to every one of the members.

The Scotia Airways needs to change their working strategy for survive in challenging international market and for earn healthy money. The investors of Scotia airways want to change their rules and regulation and adopt new strategy to earn good profit. But some of the workers and management members of Scotia Airways do believe that if they change their principle rules that mean change in culture and ethos, which is not a good thing for their self and also the company. In such condition management want to increase job performance, which can be done by team work, empowerment, job design, training and work organisation. 

In according to motivation theories I think they 1st of all management can be meeting all the member of Scotia Airways into a group. They can discuss about the matters with unsatisfied members. They should discuss their ideas and can come out with a loot of smart thinking. Management should involve the entire member into making of new decision and let the staff to set their own goals and targets. By doing this management will get their own result and also employees or unsatisfied members will be happy by doing this in their own way. (Goal Theory)

Senior management need to put the responsibility on the member of team by job enactment, and job rotation should be their for circular load which reduce the boringness from the work. Training should be given to the staff or every member of group and he or she feels to be involved in the work. In this way morale, confidence and skill of workers will improve. Most important think of this process is work with organisation. Which can be done by provide better equipment. Up to date material should be provided. The good environment can give his or her best out come. Modern Technology should be used as much as possible.

So, I think these are some methods like Process theories (Goal theory), and Content theories (Herzber) those can be improved the job performance of Scotia Airways.

Teamwork is the concept of people working together cooperatively as a team in order to accomplish the same goals/objectives. The most important method for achieve our desire goals and targets and destination is Team working. Teamwork is action performed by a team towards a common goal. A team is consisting of more than one person with different responsibilities. In business team work plays an vital role, as we know now a days complexity of business increase the threats of failure .in such type of situation team work is best method to work with. Team is not a gathering of people for enjoyment. Teams are built to achieve the goals.

A team is making by number of people. The number of peoples in a team can be few or can be many. The different type of people has different skill and ideas. By using these skill and idea a team can produce more flexible result. So, we can say that group of people who gather for some purpose is called team and work done by this team is called team work. Teamwork is important because it allows goals to be reached in an efficient and timely method. Teamwork combines many different skills from many people; allowing achievements to be made that could not be made alone!

I my personal opinion Scotia Airways need a team working because in present situation Scotia needs to make new destination and it needs different kinds of skill and ideas which can be getting from their members. This can be only possible with the help of team working.

Now we discuss the benefit which can be produced by team working:

Distribution of work with the all member of the can be easy;

Distribution of work can increase the interest of member in work.

It can be help to making better decision-in team number and the ideas can be emerged by team member. 

This can also feel equality-in team each and every member is involved to achieve the goal. 

There are also some costs of team working. Some time its need extra money to produce suitable environment in which teams can perform their jobs. Two different and good ideas for one matter can increase the sense of competition between two team members which is not good for team. This competition can become hindrance in the way of team.

Lastly we can say that if some one wants to a good result, they should needs some good ideas, skill and intention. This only can do by team working.

There are many numbers of methods which are very helpful for improving the team cohesion. I think improve the team performance and cohesion for Scotia Airways apply three main factors which can improve their organization. Those are as follows:

Clarity of goals;

Consultation;

Team size and objective. 

1st Clarity of goals is very important think which touch the performance. The organizations 1st need to fixe their own goal. In Scotia every employee should aware from his or her goal and target. Management should allow them to set their own goals to achieve success. If goals are clear it makes it easy for some one to choose right way to be there.

2nd Consultation is also another important factor which is very helpful for improving performance of Scotia. There are 80 staffs in Scotia Airways, they are working in different department. Meeting should be held which invite member from all departments in which they can share their views and solve the problems in short time.

3rd Team size also plays an important role. We know In Scotia Airways have a large numbers of employees, who work in different department. I think all employees should be divided in small groups so by this every one can take equal part in the work to be done very essay.

I think these are some factor that can be improved the team cohesion and performance of Scotia Airways.